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Power Up: Roll Out Solar Arrays Boost Space Station Power Supply

2 Min Read

Power Up: Roll Out Solar Arrays Boost Space Station Power Supply

From the International Space Station’s unique position 250 miles above Earth, the Sun is a vital source of energy. Solar power supports the station’s life support systems, daily activities, and hundreds of research investigations that improve life on Earth and prepare humans for deep space exploration. Over the past five years, NASA augmented the station’s power generation and distribution capability with next-generation International Space Station Roll Out Solar Arrays (IROSAs).

An International Space Station Roll Out Solar Array deploys in 2022. 
NASA

In 2017, a technology demonstration conducted aboard the space station tested the effectiveness of the arrays. The lightweight, compact design launches as a cylinder and unfurls like a yoga mat after installation. This advanced design reduces mass and volume at launch and uses an autonomous, self-deploying system that minimizes risks during rollout.

Illuminated solar arrays and structural trusses of the International Space Station are shown against the darkness of space, with sunlight flaring near the center of the frame and Earth’s curved horizon visible below.
Sunlight flares across the International Space Station’s solar arrays. 
NASA

The IROSAs were designed, manufactured, and tested by Redwire under a contract with Boeing and are about half the size of the station’s legacy arrays. Despite being smaller, the arrays are capable of producing about 28 kilowatts of additional power.

Two cylindrical Roll Out Solar Arrays wrapped in striped insulation are secured in the trunk of a SpaceX Dragon Cargo vehicle surrounded by structural supports and cables.
The first two International Space Station Roll Out Solar Arrays loaded in a SpaceX Dragon’s trunk before delivery to the orbiting laboratory during the company’s 22nd commercial resupply services mission for NASA in 2021.
SpaceX

Six IROSAs were installed outside of the space station between 2021 and 2023. In 2023, power projections prompted a request for another set of IROSAs, which launched in Dragon spacecraft’s trunk during the SpaceX 35th commercial resupply services mission to space station for NASA. Together, the eight IROSAs will increase power by more than 160kW for research and operations.

Two NASA astronauts in white spacesuits work outside the International Space Station, with one holding a rectangular hardware unit while robotic arms assist near the station’s orange solar arrays.
NASA astronauts perform a spacewalk to install an International Space Station Roll Out Solar Array with the assistance of the Canadarm2 robotic arm in 2022.
NASA

With the full upgrade in place, the space station’s revitalized power system not only supports NASA’s legacy in low Earth orbit but also helps advance technology that will extend the agency’s reach into the solar system. From planetary defense demonstrations, like the Double Asteroid Redirection Test, to future human exploration efforts, the space station is an essential testbed for the technologies needed for expeditions beyond Earth’s orbit.

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Power Up: Roll Out Solar Arrays Boost Space Station Power Supply

2 Min Read

Power Up: Roll Out Solar Arrays Boost Space Station Power Supply

From the International Space Station’s unique position 250 miles above Earth, the Sun is a vital source of energy. Solar power supports the station’s life support systems, daily activities, and hundreds of research investigations that improve life on Earth and prepare humans for deep space exploration. Over the past five years, NASA augmented the station’s power generation and distribution capability with next-generation International Space Station Roll Out Solar Arrays (IROSAs).

An International Space Station Roll Out Solar Array deploys in 2022. 
NASA

In 2017, a technology demonstration conducted aboard the space station tested the effectiveness of the arrays. The lightweight, compact design launches as a cylinder and unfurls like a yoga mat after installation. This advanced design reduces mass and volume at launch and uses an autonomous, self-deploying system that minimizes risks during rollout.

Illuminated solar arrays and structural trusses of the International Space Station are shown against the darkness of space, with sunlight flaring near the center of the frame and Earth’s curved horizon visible below.
Sunlight flares across the International Space Station’s solar arrays. 
NASA

The IROSAs were designed, manufactured, and tested by Redwire under a contract with Boeing and are about half the size of the station’s legacy arrays. Despite being smaller, the arrays are capable of producing about 28 kilowatts of additional power.

Two cylindrical Roll Out Solar Arrays wrapped in striped insulation are secured in the trunk of a SpaceX Dragon Cargo vehicle surrounded by structural supports and cables.
The first two International Space Station Roll Out Solar Arrays loaded in a SpaceX Dragon’s trunk before delivery to the orbiting laboratory during the company’s 22nd commercial resupply services mission for NASA in 2021.
SpaceX

Six IROSAs were installed outside of the space station between 2021 and 2023. In 2023, power projections prompted a request for another set of IROSAs, which launched in Dragon spacecraft’s trunk during the SpaceX 35th commercial resupply services mission to space station for NASA. Together, the eight IROSAs will increase power by more than 160kW for research and operations.

Two NASA astronauts in white spacesuits work outside the International Space Station, with one holding a rectangular hardware unit while robotic arms assist near the station’s orange solar arrays.
NASA astronauts perform a spacewalk to install an International Space Station Roll Out Solar Array with the assistance of the Canadarm2 robotic arm in 2022.
NASA

With the full upgrade in place, the space station’s revitalized power system not only supports NASA’s legacy in low Earth orbit but also helps advance technology that will extend the agency’s reach into the solar system. From planetary defense demonstrations, like the Double Asteroid Redirection Test, to future human exploration efforts, the space station is an essential testbed for the technologies needed for expeditions beyond Earth’s orbit.

  •  

Power Up: Roll Out Solar Arrays Boost Space Station Power Supply

2 Min Read

Power Up: Roll Out Solar Arrays Boost Space Station Power Supply

From the International Space Station’s unique position 250 miles above Earth, the Sun is a vital source of energy. Solar power supports the station’s life support systems, daily activities, and hundreds of research investigations that improve life on Earth and prepare humans for deep space exploration. Over the past five years, NASA augmented the station’s power generation and distribution capability with next-generation International Space Station Roll Out Solar Arrays (IROSAs).

An International Space Station Roll Out Solar Array deploys in 2022. 
NASA

In 2017, a technology demonstration conducted aboard the space station tested the effectiveness of the arrays. The lightweight, compact design launches as a cylinder and unfurls like a yoga mat after installation. This advanced design reduces mass and volume at launch and uses an autonomous, self-deploying system that minimizes risks during rollout.

Illuminated solar arrays and structural trusses of the International Space Station are shown against the darkness of space, with sunlight flaring near the center of the frame and Earth’s curved horizon visible below.
Sunlight flares across the International Space Station’s solar arrays. 
NASA

The IROSAs were designed, manufactured, and tested by Redwire under a contract with Boeing and are about half the size of the station’s legacy arrays. Despite being smaller, the arrays are capable of producing about 28 kilowatts of additional power.

Two cylindrical Roll Out Solar Arrays wrapped in striped insulation are secured in the trunk of a SpaceX Dragon Cargo vehicle surrounded by structural supports and cables.
The first two International Space Station Roll Out Solar Arrays loaded in a SpaceX Dragon’s trunk before delivery to the orbiting laboratory during the company’s 22nd commercial resupply services mission for NASA in 2021.
SpaceX

Six IROSAs were installed outside of the space station between 2021 and 2023. In 2023, power projections prompted a request for another set of IROSAs, which launched in Dragon spacecraft’s trunk during the SpaceX 35th commercial resupply services mission to space station for NASA. Together, the eight IROSAs will increase power by more than 160kW for research and operations.

Two NASA astronauts in white spacesuits work outside the International Space Station, with one holding a rectangular hardware unit while robotic arms assist near the station’s orange solar arrays.
NASA astronauts perform a spacewalk to install an International Space Station Roll Out Solar Array with the assistance of the Canadarm2 robotic arm in 2022.
NASA

With the full upgrade in place, the space station’s revitalized power system not only supports NASA’s legacy in low Earth orbit but also helps advance technology that will extend the agency’s reach into the solar system. From planetary defense demonstrations, like the Double Asteroid Redirection Test, to future human exploration efforts, the space station is an essential testbed for the technologies needed for expeditions beyond Earth’s orbit.

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Inside the Plague Research Labs at the Heart of a Russian Mystery

A Russian researcher, who died from an unknown illness, worked at a remote anti-plague facility. Few foreigners have visited these labs, which dot the former Soviet states, and are shrouded in secrecy.

© Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute, via Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

A picture released by the Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute showing specialists working in a laboratory in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, in 2019.
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Inside the Plague Research Labs at the Heart of a Russian Mystery

A Russian researcher, who died from an unknown illness, worked at a remote anti-plague facility. Few foreigners have visited these labs, which dot the former Soviet states, and are shrouded in secrecy.

© Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute, via Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

A picture released by the Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute showing specialists working in a laboratory in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, in 2019.
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NASA Develops Batteries to Power Humanity’s Return to Moon

5 min read

Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)

Yi Lin, SPEARS testing and research lead at NASA Langley, holds one of the small coin-cell batteries that had just undergone thermal vacuum testing.
Yi Lin, SPEARS testing and research lead at NASA Langley, holds one of the small coin-cell batteries that had just undergone thermal vacuum testing.
NASA/Ryan Hill

If you’ve ever had your car start sluggishly, or not at all, on a particularly frigid winter morning, you know standard batteries do not like extreme cold. That’s why NASA researchers are working to develop a battery that could function in the brutal cold of the Moon’s South Pole, where nighttime temperatures plunge to minus 328 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 200 Celsius). 

For future lunar operations, a battery will need to work immediately when warmed up and be able to power everything from an astronaut’s emergency kit to a rover capable of exploring the Moon’s darkest craters — all without posing a fire hazard. 

A team of NASA researchers is working to make all that happen. The project is called Solid Power for Extreme Environment Adaptability and Resilience in Space (SPEARS), and it could provide NASA with an important tool to help power humanity’s sustained presence on the Moon through the Artemis campaign. 

“Batteries have become an important part of our lives here on Earth, which enable our laptops, cell phones, power tools, and even our vehicles,” said Donald Dornbusch, principal investigator for SPEARS at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, where the project is led. “We will need them on the Moon, too, and these batteries will be required to operate reliably and safely in this harsh environment. That’s why we’re working on this technology.” 

Yi Lin, left, SPEARS testing and research lead, and Ji Su, a polymer materials scientist and the task lead, during the removal of SPEARS batteries from thermal vacuum testing at NASA Langley.
Yi Lin, left, SPEARS testing and research lead, and Ji Su, a polymer materials scientist and the task lead, during the removal of SPEARS batteries from thermal vacuum testing at NASA Langley.
NASA/Ryan Hill

Splashy problem, solid solution

Traditional lithium-ion batteries like those in your cell phone and laptop have a critical weakness: they rely on liquid electrolytes. Cool a conventional battery to the Moon’s nighttime temperatures, and that liquid would freeze, potentially damaging the battery. Heat it up too much — say, to daytime lunar temperatures of 212 F (100 C) — and it won’t work until cooled. Expose the liquid to the vacuum of space, and it evaporates. 

SPEARS batteries solve these problems by replacing the liquid electrolyte with a solid ceramic- or polymer-based material. This change could unlock several advantages. First and foremost, they could operate in the heat and extreme cold. 

During recent thermal vacuum testing at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, small prototype battery cells operated well up to 176 F (80 C), down to minus 76 F (minus 60 C), and with slightly reduced performance down to minus 112 F (minus 80 C). 

“We proved for the first time that these cells can work down to minus 80 degrees Celsius,” said Yi Lin, SPEARS testing and research lead at NASA Langley.  

Lin also said he’s confident they can improve performance and maybe even expand that range in coming years. 

The batteries need to remain reliable through exposure to the Moon’s wild temperature swings between day and night. The thermal vacuum testing showed that after exposure to temperature extremes from 212 F (100 C) to minus 274 F (minus 170 C), SPEARS batteries don’t sustain damage.  

Just like the chemistry in your earbuds is different from the chemistry in your phone, which is different from the chemistry in your car, all these chemistries can still function with a solid electrolyte. We can tune for energy, tune for power, tune for durability, depending on the application.

Yi Lin

Yi Lin

SPEARS testing and research lead

Not even solid-state batteries will function while they’re at a temperature as low as minus 274 F, but because solid electrolytes don’t freeze like a liquid, the batteries can survive the extreme low temperatures.  

In order to get the batteries working again after exposure to such cold, small heaters come into play. SPEARS batteries wouldn’t need to be kept warm all the time, just warmed up to operational temperature. That could reduce the need for heavy thermal management systems in spacecraft and lunar habitats, allowing for lighter designs, lower costs, and longer mission durations. 

Nike Lin, a support engineer/technician on the thermal vacuum team, holds up a battery.
Nike Lin, a support engineer/technician on the thermal vacuum team, takes weight measurements of batteries following thermal vacuum testing.
NASA/Ryan Hill

Power for Moon, Earth

The applications for these solid-state batteries are nearly limitless, from small tools like drills that must operate in shadowed lunar craters, to rovers and emergency power packs for astronauts. They also could provide power solutions for long-duration scientific instruments. 

“We can tune the chemistry by using different electrode materials,” said Lin. “Just like the chemistry in your earbuds is different from the chemistry in your phone, which is different from the chemistry in your car, all these chemistries can still function with a solid electrolyte. We can tune for energy, tune for power, tune for durability, depending on the application.” 

While SPEARS is designed for space, the technology could be spun off into Earth-based applications. In fact, SPEARS evolved out of a previous battery project Lin and Dornbusch worked on that focused on aeronautic applications. 

From left to right: Donald Dornbusch (NASA Glenn), Godfrey Sauti, Sang-Hyon Chu, Yi Lin (NASA Langley), and Malachi Mooney-Rivkin (NASA Ames), during a round of TVAC testing at NASA Langley.
From left to right: Donald Dornbusch (NASA Glenn), Godfrey Sauti, Sang-Hyon Chu, Yi Lin (NASA Langley), and Malachi Mooney-Rivkin (NASA Ames), during a round of TVAC testing at NASA Langley.
NASA

“The potential market for solid-state batteries is very broad,” said Ji Su, a polymer materials scientist and the task lead at NASA Langley. “Automobiles, cell phones, communication devices, drones — anything that needs a portable power supply.” 

The SPEARS project began in 2026 with funding through the Advanced Research and Technology division within the agency’s Research and Technology Mission Directorate. The project is set to focus on technology development in its first stages before potentially shifting toward commercial collaboration. NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley is working to develop flight hardware such as test boards and electronics to help prepare the SPEARS batteries for spaceflight and test them in space environments. 

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NASA Science, Cargo Launch on 35th SpaceX Resupply Mission to Station

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft launched on Tuesday, Oct. 13, 2026, from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida as part of the company’s 35th Commercial Resupply Services mission to the International Space Station for NASA.
Credit: NASA

NASA’s SpaceX 35th commercial resupply mission lifted off at 6:33 a.m. EDT Tuesday aboard a Falcon 9 rocket from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, carrying more than 6,300 pounds of supplies and hardware, bound for the International Space Station. Following its successful launch, the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft will carry new scientific experiments, cargo, and the final pair of International Space Station Roll-Out Solar Arrays to the orbiting laboratory.

Dragon is scheduled to autonomously dock at 11 a.m., Thursday, Oct. 15, to the space-facing port of the space station’s Harmony module. NASA will stream rendezvous and docking coverage beginning at 9:15 a.m., through a variety of platforms. Learn where to watch online:

https://www.nasa.gov/live

The final pair of solar arrays will complete the space station’s power system augmentation, boosting available electricity for research, operations, and the station’s safe, controlled deorbit. Astronauts will install the arrays during a series of spacewalks planned for later this fall.

Dragon also is delivering several new experiments, including hardware to manufacture artificial retinas in microgravity that could help restore vision for patients on Earth and 3D heart tissue models to advance large-scale drug testing on future space missions. Dragon also will carry materials to study how a new type of glass is formed in microgravity, and brain organoids that could uncover potential treatment targets for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis.

These are just a sample of the hundreds of investigations conducted aboard the orbiting laboratory in the areas of biology and biotechnology, physical sciences, and Earth and space science. Research and technology investigations taking place aboard the space station benefit people on Earth and lay the groundwork for other agency deep space missions. As part of NASA’s Artemis program, the agency will send astronauts to the Moon to prepare for future human exploration of Mars, inspiring the world through discovery in a new Golden Age of innovation and exploration.

The Dragon spacecraft is scheduled to remain at the space station until mid-November when it will depart and return to Earth with time-critical research and cargo, splashing down off the coast of California.

Learn more about the International Space Station, its research, and crew, at:

https://www.nasa.gov/station

-end-

Joshua Finch / Jimi Russell
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1100
joshua.a.finch@nasa.gov / james.j.russell@nasa.gov

Steven Siceloff
Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
321-876-2468
steven.p.siceloff@nasa.gov

Sandra Jones / Joseph Zakrzewski
Johnson Space Center, Houston
281-483-5111
sandra.p.jones@nasa.gov / joseph.a.zakrzewski@nasa.gov

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NASA Science, Cargo Launch on 35th SpaceX Resupply Mission to Station

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft launched on Tuesday, Oct. 13, 2026, from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida as part of the company’s 35th Commercial Resupply Services mission to the International Space Station for NASA.
Credit: NASA

NASA’s SpaceX 35th commercial resupply mission lifted off at 6:33 a.m. EDT Tuesday aboard a Falcon 9 rocket from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, carrying more than 6,300 pounds of supplies and hardware, bound for the International Space Station. Following its successful launch, the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft will carry new scientific experiments, cargo, and the final pair of International Space Station Roll-Out Solar Arrays to the orbiting laboratory.

Dragon is scheduled to autonomously dock at 11 a.m., Thursday, Oct. 15, to the space-facing port of the space station’s Harmony module. NASA will stream rendezvous and docking coverage beginning at 9:15 a.m., through a variety of platforms. Learn where to watch online:

https://www.nasa.gov/live

The final pair of solar arrays will complete the space station’s power system augmentation, boosting available electricity for research, operations, and the station’s safe, controlled deorbit. Astronauts will install the arrays during a series of spacewalks planned for later this fall.

Dragon also is delivering several new experiments, including hardware to manufacture artificial retinas in microgravity that could help restore vision for patients on Earth and 3D heart tissue models to advance large-scale drug testing on future space missions. Dragon also will carry materials to study how a new type of glass is formed in microgravity, and brain organoids that could uncover potential treatment targets for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis.

These are just a sample of the hundreds of investigations conducted aboard the orbiting laboratory in the areas of biology and biotechnology, physical sciences, and Earth and space science. Research and technology investigations taking place aboard the space station benefit people on Earth and lay the groundwork for other agency deep space missions. As part of NASA’s Artemis program, the agency will send astronauts to the Moon to prepare for future human exploration of Mars, inspiring the world through discovery in a new Golden Age of innovation and exploration.

The Dragon spacecraft is scheduled to remain at the space station until mid-November when it will depart and return to Earth with time-critical research and cargo, splashing down off the coast of California.

Learn more about the International Space Station, its research, and crew, at:

https://www.nasa.gov/station

-end-

Joshua Finch / Jimi Russell
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1100
joshua.a.finch@nasa.gov / james.j.russell@nasa.gov

Steven Siceloff
Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
321-876-2468
steven.p.siceloff@nasa.gov

Sandra Jones / Joseph Zakrzewski
Johnson Space Center, Houston
281-483-5111
sandra.p.jones@nasa.gov / joseph.a.zakrzewski@nasa.gov

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NASA’s SpaceX CRS-35 Mission to Launch Health Research

NASA experiments focused on human and plant health and drug-resistant organisms will travel to the International Space Station aboard SpaceX’s 35th Commercial Resupply Services mission for the agency from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, advancing research that benefits life on Earth and future exploration.

This research supports astronaut health during long-duration missions through four investigations from the agency’s Biological and Physical Sciences division, including 3D models of the human brain, a crop disease study, a faster way to assess astronaut health, and an analysis of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aboard the space station.

Tiny brain models, big questions

A new precision health investigation helps address a key question: What happens to the human brain in space?

The experiment sends small, lab-grown models of the human brain to the orbiting laboratory for five weeks. Researchers compare tissue models that traveled to space with identical ones kept on Earth to determine how a short spaceflight affects the human brain at the cellular level.

The effort could deepen our understanding of how the human brain responds to stress and help lay the groundwork for methods that counter risks to brain health that astronauts may face on future missions to the Moon and beyond.

Disease-resistant crops for space

A space crops investigation tests whether crop diseases develop faster and more severely in microgravity.

The experiment compares molecular and structural changes between Earth-grown and space station-grown plants infected with a disease-causing fungus. The findings could guide plant breeding on Earth to produce disease-resistant crops and help minimize yield losses in future space agriculture systems.

Space crops provide nutrition, increase dietary variety, and offer psychological benefits for astronauts during extended missions. They also absorb carbon dioxide, produce oxygen, and recycle water, which will become increasingly important as human missions extend farther from Earth.

Analysis helps astronauts thrive

The spacecraft also carries the first test of a compact microplate reader that arrived aboard the space station earlier this year.

The Commercially Enabled Rapid Space Science initiative experiment tests the device’s ability to detect and measure certain biomarkers such as antibodies, antigens, and proteins.

Use of the plate reader would allow scientists to analyze samples aboard the space station and obtain data quickly, rather than wait for the samples to return to Earth for analysis.

Ultimately, the research aims to support the timely detection of infections and other health issues in astronauts while expanding science capabilities in remote exploration locations where resupply will be more difficult.

Tracking antibiotic-resistant bacteria

A precision health investigation returns for its fourth and final planned stay aboard the space station to study how antibiotic-resistant bacteria survive and evolve in microgravity.

As part of the investigation, astronauts repeatedly sample surfaces throughout the space station to monitor for drug-resistant organisms.

The work could help develop ways to protect astronauts against bacterial infections during long-duration missions. On Earth, the findings could provide insight into how superbugs develop from the overuse of antibiotics.

To learn more about NASA’s biological and physical research in space, visit: https://science.nasa.gov/biological-physical/

Biological & Physical Sciences Division

  • NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences Division pioneers scientific discovery and enables exploration by using space environments to conduct investigations not possible on Earth. Studying biological and physical phenomena under extreme conditions allows researchers to advance the fundamental scientific knowledge required to go farther and stay longer in space, while also benefitting life on Earth.

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NASA’s SpaceX CRS-35 Mission to Launch Health Research

NASA experiments focused on human and plant health and drug-resistant organisms will travel to the International Space Station aboard SpaceX’s 35th Commercial Resupply Services mission for the agency from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, advancing research that benefits life on Earth and future exploration.

This research supports astronaut health during long-duration missions through four investigations from the agency’s Biological and Physical Sciences division, including 3D models of the human brain, a crop disease study, a faster way to assess astronaut health, and an analysis of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aboard the space station.

Tiny brain models, big questions

A new precision health investigation helps address a key question: What happens to the human brain in space?

The experiment sends small, lab-grown models of the human brain to the orbiting laboratory for five weeks. Researchers compare tissue models that traveled to space with identical ones kept on Earth to determine how a short spaceflight affects the human brain at the cellular level.

The effort could deepen our understanding of how the human brain responds to stress and help lay the groundwork for methods that counter risks to brain health that astronauts may face on future missions to the Moon and beyond.

Disease-resistant crops for space

A space crops investigation tests whether crop diseases develop faster and more severely in microgravity.

The experiment compares molecular and structural changes between Earth-grown and space station-grown plants infected with a disease-causing fungus. The findings could guide plant breeding on Earth to produce disease-resistant crops and help minimize yield losses in future space agriculture systems.

Space crops provide nutrition, increase dietary variety, and offer psychological benefits for astronauts during extended missions. They also absorb carbon dioxide, produce oxygen, and recycle water, which will become increasingly important as human missions extend farther from Earth.

Analysis helps astronauts thrive

The spacecraft also carries the first test of a compact microplate reader that arrived aboard the space station earlier this year.

The Commercially Enabled Rapid Space Science initiative experiment tests the device’s ability to detect and measure certain biomarkers such as antibodies, antigens, and proteins.

Use of the plate reader would allow scientists to analyze samples aboard the space station and obtain data quickly, rather than wait for the samples to return to Earth for analysis.

Ultimately, the research aims to support the timely detection of infections and other health issues in astronauts while expanding science capabilities in remote exploration locations where resupply will be more difficult.

Tracking antibiotic-resistant bacteria

A precision health investigation returns for its fourth and final planned stay aboard the space station to study how antibiotic-resistant bacteria survive and evolve in microgravity.

As part of the investigation, astronauts repeatedly sample surfaces throughout the space station to monitor for drug-resistant organisms.

The work could help develop ways to protect astronauts against bacterial infections during long-duration missions. On Earth, the findings could provide insight into how superbugs develop from the overuse of antibiotics.

To learn more about NASA’s biological and physical research in space, visit: https://science.nasa.gov/biological-physical/

Biological & Physical Sciences Division

  • NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences Division pioneers scientific discovery and enables exploration by using space environments to conduct investigations not possible on Earth. Studying biological and physical phenomena under extreme conditions allows researchers to advance the fundamental scientific knowledge required to go farther and stay longer in space, while also benefitting life on Earth.

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The Internet’s New Edge Builders

After building private backbones, content and cloud platforms are now moving closer to users. In doing so, they are taking on delivery roles once associated mainly with independent CDNs.
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The IRR Landscape: What RPKI Can Replace

In the third part of our IRR landscape series, we use traffic measurements from AMS-IX and DE-CIX to assess which parts of the IRR landscape can safely be replaced with RPKI. Third-party ROUTE(6) objects can largely be phased out, while third-party AS-SETs remain essential for BGP filter generation.
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Claude evade (di nuovo) e attacca tre aziende reali

Sembra proprio che tenere a bada i modelli IA sia complicatissimo e Anthropic sta accumulando una certa esperienza nel settore. L’azienda ha infatti rivelato che alcuni modelli della famiglia Claude sono riusciti ad accedere ai sistemi di tre organizzazioni reali durante esercitazioni di sicurezza, trasformando test che avrebbero dovuto svolgersi in ambienti controllati in vere […]

L'articolo Claude evade (di nuovo) e attacca tre aziende reali proviene da Securityinfo.it.

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Is it time for an OSPO in your organization?

Is your organization consuming open source software, or is it starting to contribute to open source projects? If so, perhaps it’s time for you to start an OSPO: an open source program office.

At the LF, we’re dedicating resources to improving your understanding of all things open source, such as our Guide to Enterprise Open Source and the Evolution of the Open Source Program Office, published the last year. 

In a new Linux Foundation Research report, A Deep Dive into Open Source Program Offices, published in partnership with the TODO Group, authored by Dr. Ibrahim Haddad, Ph.D, showcases the many forms of OSPOs, their maturity models, responsibilities, and challenges they face in open source enterprise adoption, and also their staffing requirements are discussed in detail. 

“The past two decades have accelerated open source software adoption and increased involvement in contributing to existing projects and creating new projects. Software is where a lot of value lies and the vast majority of software developed is open source software providing access to billions of dollars worth of external R&D. If your organization relies on open source software for products or services and does not have a formalized OSPO yet ​​to manage all aspects of working with open source, please consider this report a call to establish your OPSO and drive for leadership in the open source areas that are critical to your products and services.” – Ibrahim Haddad, Ph.D., General Manager, LF AI & Data Foundation

Here are some of the report’s important lessons:

An OSPO can help you manage and track your company’s use of open source software and assist you when interacting with other stakeholders. It can also serve as a clearinghouse for information about open source software and its usage throughout your organization.

Your OSPO is the central nervous system for an organization’s open source strategy and provides governance, oversight, and support for all things related to open source.

OSPOs create and maintain an inventory of your open source software (OSS) assets and track and manage any associated risks. The OSPO also guides how to best use open source software within the organization and can help coordinate external contributions to open source projects.

To be effective, the OSPO needs to have a deep understanding of the business and the technical aspects of open source software. It also needs to work with all levels of the organization, from executives to engineers.

An OSPO is designed to:

  • Be the center of competency for an organization’s open source operations and structure,
  • Place a strategy and set of policies on top of an organization’s open source efforts.

This can include creating policies for code use, distribution, selection, auditing, and other areas; training developers; ensuring legal compliance, and promoting and building community engagement to benefit the organization strategically.

An organization’s OSPO can take many different forms, but typically it is a centralized team that reports to the company’s executive level. The size of the team will depend on the size and needs of the organization, and how it is adopted also will undergo different stages of maturity.

When starting, an OSPO might just be a single individual or a very small team. As the organization’s use of open source software grows, the OSPO can expand to include more people with different specialties. For example, there might be separate teams for compliance, legal, and community engagement.

This won’t be the last we have to say about the OSPO in 2022. There are further insights in development, including a qualitative study on the OSPO’s business value across different sectors, and the TODO group’s publication of the 2022 OSPO Survey results will take place during OSPOCon in just a few weeks. 

“There is no board template to build an OSPO. Its creation and growth can vary depending on the organization’s size, culture, industry, or even its milestones.

That’s why I keep seeing more and more open source leaders finding critical value in building connections with other professionals in the industry. OSPOCon is an excellent networking and learning space where those working (or willing to work) in open source program offices that rely on open source technologies come together to learn and share best practices, experiences, and tools to overcome challenges they face.” Ana Jiménez, OSPO Program Manager at TODO Group

Join us there and be sure to read the report today to gain key insights into forming and running an OSPO in your organization. 

The post Is it time for an OSPO in your organization? appeared first on Linux Foundation.

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