Bally Bagayoko, the mayor of a working-class suburb near Paris, has been a regular presence at student demonstrations, prompting both applause and condemnation.

The ruling was the latest defeat for the administration as it continues a mass deportation campaign.

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Mayor Karen Bass and her former ally, the City Council member Nithya Raman, attacked each other’s records on Tuesday night in the last televised debate before the election.

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